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Compare Bahrain (2001) - Pacific Ocean (2007)

Compare Bahrain (2001) z Pacific Ocean (2007)

 Bahrain (2001)Pacific Ocean (2007)
 BahrainPacific Ocean
Administrative divisions 12 municipalities (manatiq, singular - mintaqah); Al Hadd, Al Manamah, Al Mintaqah al Gharbiyah, Al Mintaqah al Wusta, Al Mintaqah ash Shamaliyah, Al Muharraq, Ar Rifa' wa al Mintaqah al Janubiyah, Jidd Hafs, Madinat Hamad, Madinat 'Isa, Juzur Hawar, Sitrah

note:
all municipalities administered from Manama		 -
Age structure 0-14 years:
29.6% (male 96,697; female 94,330)

15-64 years:
67.43% (male 257,360; female 177,839)

65 years and over:
2.97% (male 9,721; female 9,414) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products fruit, vegetables; poultry, dairy products; shrimp, fish -
Airports 3 (2000 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

over 3,047 m:
2 (2000 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
620 sq km

land:
620 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 155.557 million sq km


note: includes Bali Sea, Bering Sea, Bering Strait, Coral Sea, East China Sea, Gulf of Alaska, Gulf of Tonkin, Philippine Sea, Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, South China Sea, Tasman Sea, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC about 15 times the size of the US; covers about 28% of the global surface; larger than the total land area of the world
Background Bahrain's small size and central location among Persian Gulf countries require it to play a delicate balancing act in foreign affairs among its larger neighbors. Possessing minimal oil reserves, Bahrain has turned to petroleum processing and refining, and has transformed itself into an international banking center. The new amir is pushing economic and political reforms, and has worked to improve relations with the Shi'a community. In 2001, the International Court of Justice awarded the Hawar Islands, long disputed with Qatar, to Bahrain. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the world's five oceans (followed by the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and Arctic Ocean). Strategically important access waterways include the La Perouse, Tsugaru, Tsushima, Taiwan, Singapore, and Torres Straits. The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Pacific Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate 20.07 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$1.8 billion

expenditures:
$2.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)		 -
Capital Manama -
Climate arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers planetary air pressure systems and resultant wind patterns exhibit remarkable uniformity in the south and east; trade winds and westerly winds are well-developed patterns, modified by seasonal fluctuations; tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico from June to October and affect Mexico and Central America; continental influences cause climatic uniformity to be much less pronounced in the eastern and western regions at the same latitude in the North Pacific Ocean; the western Pacific is monsoonal - a rainy season occurs during the summer months, when moisture-laden winds blow from the ocean over the land, and a dry season during the winter months, when dry winds blow from the Asian landmass back to the ocean; tropical cyclones (typhoons) may strike southeast and east Asia from May to December
Coastline 161 km 135,663 km
Constitution adopted late December 2000 (new constitution calls for a partially elected legislature, a constitutional monarchy, and an independent judiciary) -
Country name conventional long form:
State of Bahrain

conventional short form:
Bahrain

local long form:
Dawlat al Bahrayn

local short form:
Al Bahrayn

former:
Dilmun		 -
Currency Bahraini dinar (BHD) -
Death rate 3.92 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $2.7 billion (2000) -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Johnny YOUNG

embassy:
#979, Road 3119 (next to Al-Ahli Sports Club), Block 321, Zinj District, Manama

mailing address:
American Embassy Manama, PSC 451, FPO AE 09834-5100; international mail: American Embassy, Box 26431, Manama

telephone:
[973] 273-300

FAX:
[973] 272-594		 -
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador (vacant)

chancery:
3502 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 342-0741

FAX:
[1] (202) 362-2192

consulate(s) general:
New York		 -
Disputes - international in March of 2001, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) awarded the Hawar Islands to Bahrain and also adjusted Bahrain's maritime boundary with Qatar some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient $48.4 million (1995) -
Economy - overview In Bahrain, petroleum production and refining account for about 60% of export receipts, 60% of government revenues, and 30% of GDP. With its highly developed communication and transport facilities, Bahrain is home to numerous multinational firms with business in the Gulf. Bahrain is dependent on Saudi Arabia for oil revenue granted as aid. A large share of exports consists of petroleum products made from imported crude. Construction proceeds on several major industrial projects. Unemployment, especially among the young, and the depletion of both oil and underground water resources are major long-term economic problems. The Pacific Ocean is a major contributor to the world economy and particularly to those nations its waters directly touch. It provides low-cost sea transportation between East and West, extensive fishing grounds, offshore oil and gas fields, minerals, and sand and gravel for the construction industry. In 1996, over 60% of the world's fish catch came from the Pacific Ocean. Exploitation of offshore oil and gas reserves is playing an ever-increasing role in the energy supplies of the US, Australia, NZ, China, and Peru. The high cost of recovering offshore oil and gas, combined with the wide swings in world prices for oil since 1985, has led to fluctuations in new drillings.
Electricity - consumption 5.752 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 6.185 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m

highest point:
Jabal ad Dukhan 122 m		 lowest point: Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench -10,924 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms; coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers, oil refineries, and distribution stations; no natural fresh water resources so that groundwater and sea water are the only sources for all water needs endangered marine species include the dugong, sea lion, sea otter, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in Philippine Sea and South China Sea
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Bahraini 63%, Asian 19%, other Arab 10%, Iranian 8% -
Exchange rates Bahraini dinars per US dollar - 0.3760 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar) -
Executive branch chief of state:
Amir HAMAD bin Isa Al Khalifa (since 6 March 1999); Heir Apparent Crown Prince SALMAN bin Hamad (son of the monarch, born 21 October 1969)

head of government:
Prime Minister KHALIFA bin Salman Al Khalifa (since NA 1971)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch		 -
Exports $5.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000) -
Exports - commodities petroleum and petroleum products 61%, aluminum 7% -
Exports - partners India 14%, Saudi Arabia 5%, US 5%, UAE 5%, Japan 4%, South Korea 4% (1999) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description red with a white serrated band (eight white points) on the hoist side -
GDP purchasing power parity - $10.1 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1%

industry:
46%

services:
53% (1996 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $15,900 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 5% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 26 00 N, 50 33 E 0 00 N, 160 00 W
Geography - note close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf which much of Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean the major chokepoints are the Bering Strait, Panama Canal, Luzon Strait, and the Singapore Strait; the Equator divides the Pacific Ocean into the North Pacific Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean; dotted with low coral islands and rugged volcanic islands in the southwestern Pacific Ocean
Heliports 1 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
3,164 km

paved:
2,433 km

unpaved:
731 km

note:
there is a paved causeway connecting Bahrain to Saudi Arabia (1997)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $4.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000) -
Imports - commodities nonoil 59%, crude oil 41% -
Imports - partners France 20%, US 14%, UK 8%, Saudi Arabia 7%, Japan 5% (1999) -
Independence 15 August 1971 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate 2% (2000 est.) -
Industries petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, offshore banking, ship repairing; tourism -
Infant mortality rate 19.77 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 10 sq km (1993 est.) -
Judicial branch High Civil Appeals Court -
Labor force 295,000 (1998 est.)

note:
44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (July 1998 est.)		 -
Labor force - by occupation industry, commerce, and service 79%, government 20%, agriculture 1% (1997 est.) -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land:
1%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
92% (1993 est.)		 -
Languages Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu -
Legal system based on Islamic law and English common law -
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly was dissolved 26 August 1975 and legislative powers were assumed by the Cabinet; appointed Advisory Council established 16 December 1992; the National Action Charter created a bicameral legislature on 23 December 2000; approved by referendum of 14 February 2001 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
73.2 years

male:
70.81 years

female:
75.67 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
85.2%

male:
89.1%

female:
79.4% (1995 est.)		 -
Location Middle East, archipelago in the Persian Gulf, east of Saudi Arabia body of water between the Southern Ocean, Asia, Australia, and the Western Hemisphere
Map references Middle East Political Map of the World
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
extending to boundaries to be determined

territorial sea:
12 NM		 -
Merchant marine total:
7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 175,609 GRT/207,652 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 2, cargo 3, container 2 (2000 est.)		 -
Military branches Ground Force, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard, Police Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $318 million (FY99) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5.2% (FY99) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
222,141 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
121,833 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - military age 15 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
5,926 (2001 est.)		 -
National holiday National Day, 16 December (1971); note - 15 August 1971 is the date of independence from the UK, 16 December 1971 is the date of independence from British protection -
Nationality noun:
Bahraini(s)

adjective:
Bahraini		 -
Natural hazards periodic droughts; dust storms surrounded by a zone of violent volcanic and earthquake activity sometimes referred to as the "Pacific Ring of Fire"; subject to tropical cyclones (typhoons) in southeast and east Asia from May to December (most frequent from July to October); tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico and strike Central America and Mexico from June to October (most common in August and September); cyclical El Nino/La Nina phenomenon occurs in the equatorial Pacific, influencing weather in the Western Hemisphere and the western Pacific; ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme north from October to May; persistent fog in the northern Pacific can be a maritime hazard from June to December
Natural resources oil, associated and nonassociated natural gas, fish, pearls oil and gas fields, polymetallic nodules, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, fish
Net migration rate 1.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Pipelines crude oil 56 km; petroleum products 16 km; natural gas 32 km -
Political parties and leaders political parties prohibited -
Political pressure groups and leaders Shi'a activists fomented unrest sporadically 1994-97, demanding the return of an elected National Assembly and an end to unemployment; several small, clandestine leftist and Islamic fundamentalist groups are active -
Population 645,361

note:
includes 228,424 non-nationals (July 2001 est.)		 -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 1.73% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Manama, Mina' Salman, Sitrah -
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 338,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Shi'a Muslim 70%, Sunni Muslim 30% -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.45 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.03 male(s)/female

total population:
1.29 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage none -
Telephone system general assessment:
modern system

domestic:
modern fiber-optic integrated services; digital network with rapidly growing use of mobile cellular telephones

international:
tropospheric scatter to Qatar and UAE; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; submarine cable to Qatar, UAE, and Saudi Arabia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat (1997)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 152,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 58,543 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 4 (1997) -
Terrain mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment surface currents in the northern Pacific are dominated by a clockwise, warm-water gyre (broad circular system of currents) and in the southern Pacific by a counterclockwise, cool-water gyre; in the northern Pacific, sea ice forms in the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk in winter; in the southern Pacific, sea ice from Antarctica reaches its northernmost extent in October; the ocean floor in the eastern Pacific is dominated by the East Pacific Rise, while the western Pacific is dissected by deep trenches, including the Mariana Trench, which is the world's deepest
Total fertility rate 2.79 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Transportation - note - Inside Passage offers protected waters from southeast Alaska to Puget Sound (Washington state)
Unemployment rate 15% (1998 est.) -
Waterways none -
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